PTAC vs Mini Split: Which One’s Right for You?

By: James K. Kim

When it comes to the comfort and energy efficiency of a space such as a home or business, one of the most critical decisions is choosing the right heating and air conditioning system. 

Two of the most popular heating and cooling options in New York City and surrounding areas are packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC) units and ductless mini split heat pump systems (also called “mini splits” or “ductless units”). 

Both types of units have their own inherent pluses and minuses, allowing them to be a suitable option for different applications. 

Home and business owners comparing these systems can benefit from an analysis into each type of unit to decide what works best for them.

What is a Mini Split?

 A ductless mini split system is comprised of two primary elements, which are an outdoor heat pump (sometimes referred to as a “condenser”) and one or more indoor air-handler units (typically installed on walls or recessed into the ceiling). 

Connecting the outdoor heat pump to each indoor ductless unit is a refrigerant piping lineset, power cable wiring, and a condensate drain line. The most popular applications of ductless mini splits are in residential homes and smaller commercial spaces.

For a more in-depth look into mini splits, check out this article “Ductless Mini Splits 101: How Do Ductless Mini Splits Work, And What Should You Know Before Installing One”.

What is a PTAC?

A PTAC unit is an all-in-one self-contained heating and cooling system typically installed under windows through an external wall. 

They are most often installed in hotel rooms as well as apartment buildings and smaller commercial buildings and offices.  

PTACs are known for their relative ease of installation and lower upfront costs.

What are the similarities between mini splits and PTACs?

Relatively simple installation

Neither a PTAC nor a mini split requires extensive ductwork fabrication into walls or ceilings. 

This allows for an easier and faster installation compared to traditional central air systems that require custom fabricated sheet metal or insulated flexible ductwork installed throughout interior of the structure. 

Units can operate independently

Rather than all units needing to be on/off at the same time, PTACs and mini split units can be run independently. 

This provides heating and cooling to the specified rooms where the units are located. 

Better zoning capabilities

Since each type of system can be run individually, each unit also allows for individual temperature control for different rooms. 

As a result, end-users enjoy improved customized indoor climates with better energy efficiency.

What are the differences between mini splits and PTACs?

Footprint and looks

You’d be hard-pressed to hear someone say, “Wow, that’s a nice looking PTAC!”

That’s because PTAC units take up a larger footprint than other types of AC units and their bulky boxy design is much more noticeable since they are usually installed through an exterior wall. 

PTACs also feature a large grille which faces the outside of the building, impacting the exterior look of the structure as a whole. 

On the other hand, mini splits are renowned for their sleek and modern design for matching today’s aesthetics. The indoor mini split units come in a variety of space-saving iterations, from wall mounts to floor mounts to recessed ceiling cassettes. 

As a result, home and business owners get an ultra efficient modern HVAC system without sacrificing space.

Equipment lifespan and maintenance

PTAC units very rarely last longer than 5 to 7 years, requiring frequent maintenance and servicing. Most PTAC owners would typically replace the entire unit rather than paying for service repairs when something breaks. 

Alternatively, mini split systems are much more robust and durable, with some systems lasting 20+ years (with regular seasonal maintenance and proper care). Repairs and breakdowns are typically less frequent than other types of systems, further adding to their better overall long-term value and “bang for the buck”. 

Energy efficiency

PTACs offer somewhat reasonable efficiency considering their cost and output. However, they usually run at just a single speed, meaning efficiency is lost during periods that may not require as much cooling or heating. 

They are similar to a car that only runs at 60 mph regardless of the destination. They are either ON or OFF with no in-between. 

Conversely, mini splits are widely regarded for their advanced inverter technology, which adjusts the speed to match the demand for cooling or heating. As a result, energy usage is reduced (and so are you utility bills).

Having this inverter is similar to driving a car to match the conditional speeds of the road (as opposed to driving at one speed all the time). 

The bottom line (Cost)

In general, PTACs are typically more affordable from an upfront cost standpoint. This makes them seem to be the more appealing option for cost-conscious owners on a tight budget. 

However, since PTACs have a lower energy efficiency than mini splits, they will result in higher energy usage and increased utility bills over time. Their decreased life span and reliability may also result in more breakdowns and replacement, further increasing their overall cost versus mini splits. 

The initial cost of installing a mini split system is undoubtedly higher than installing a PTAC system of similar cooling and heating output capabilities. 

Furthermore, the investment in a mini split will no doubt pay off in the long term because of their increased energy efficiency, reduced operating costs, better reliability, and better performance and durability. 

The Choice is Yours

Even though they both serve basically the same function as a source of heating and cooling a room, the choice between a PTAC and ductless mini split system depends on the consumer’s specific needs and priorities. 

When it comes to energy efficiency, reliability, and lifespan of the equipment, the obvious favorite is the mini split. Home and business owners seeking an investment in their long-term comfort and energy usage will find mini splits are the answer. 

PTACs may be the right choice for budget-conscious consumers seeking a quick and simple solution to their indoor climate control needs. 

The ultimate decision lies in the end user’s needs and situation. By understanding these differences between PTACs and mini splits, one can make an informed decision that best meets their needs for comfort and efficiency. 

Looking for an estimate on a ductless mini split system for your home or business? 

Cottam Heating and Air Conditioning are experts in mini split heat pump and other central HVAC solutions. Give us a call or click here to schedule a free consultation today.